ABSTRACT
Background: The study aimed to assess the filter paper blood sampling technique for sero- monitoring against Hydro-pericardium syndrome (HPS). In view of the fact, dried blood samples don’t require immediate refrigeration, occupy little space and are easily transported. Methods: Whole blood paired with serum samples were collected from 100 broiler chickens on filter paper strips, dried for 2hrs at 37oC, stored in polythene bag and then eluated in normal saline at 4oC for overnight. Antigen of HPS was isolated, purified and confirmed by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) with raised hyper-immune serum. Eluates of whole blood dried on filter paper with corresponding serum samples were tested for antibody activity by indirect heam-agglutination (IHA) test. Results: ‘The IHA titers of eluates were similar to titers obtained with serum diluted as 1:10. Normal saline and phosphate buffered saline did not influence the antibody stability, when used as eluating fluid. Whole blood dried on filter paper could be stored sealed in plastic bag at 4oC or ambient temperature for at least one week with no appreciable loss of antibody titers. A strong correlation (r = 0.900) exist between the titers obtained with two methods of blood sampling. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that recovery of antibodies from blood dried on filter paper after eluation produces results comparable to those obtained by recovering antibodies from serum. Based on above findings it is concluded that filter paper blood sampling could serve as a cost effective and convenient tool for HPS sero-monitoring.
ABSTRACT
Pimpinella anisum L. (Aniseed) is mostly used as an immune stimulant, growth promoter, antifungal, antibacterial in many countries for centuries. The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effect of aniseed against Newcastle Disease (ND) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) viruses. The immunomodulatory effect of aniseed against ND and IBD viruses were determined by modifying splenic cell migration inhibition assay and differential leukocyte count for cellular immunity. Haemagglutination inhibition and indirect haemagglutination were used for measurement of humoral immune response against ND and IBD viruses, respectively. The present study suggests that the aniseed addition to basal diet at the rate of 0.5 g/kg and 1 g/kg of feed had best immunomodulatory activity both for humoral and cellular immune responses. However, at higher doses aniseed had adverse effects. Aniseed possesses significant immunomodulatory activity when it is added at lower doses i.e., 0.5 g/kg and 1 g/kg.
Pimpinella anisum L. (Anís) se utiliza principalmente como un estimulante inmunológico, promotor del crecimiento, antifúngico, y antibacteriano, en muchos países durante siglos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto inmunomodulador de anís contra la enfermedad de Newcastle (ND) y la enfermedad de la bursitis infecciosa (IBD). El efecto inmunomodulador de anís contra los virus ND y e IBD se determinaron mediante la modificación del ensayo de inhibición de la migración de células del bazo y recuento diferencial de leucocitos de la inmunidad celular. La inhibición de la hemaglutinación y hemaglutinación indirecta se utilizaron para la medición de la respuesta inmune humoral contra el virus de ND e IBD, respectivamente. El presente estudio sugiere que la adición de anís a la dieta basal a la tasa de 0,5 g/kg y 1 g/kg de alimentación tuvo una mejor actividad inmunomoduladora tanto para las respuestas inmunes humorales como celulares. Sin embargo, a dosis más altas de anís tuvo efectos adversos. El anís posee una importante actividad inmunomoduladora cuando se añade en dosis más bajas, es decir, 0,5 g/kg y 1 g/kg.